The father of ethical inquiry and critical dialog. He shifted philosophy from cosmology to human self-knowledge of ignorance, arguing that the unexamined life is not worth living, and died for his pursuit of truth.
Lived in the direct Golden Age of Athenian democracy. Undergoing Peloponnesian war and political unrest, he challenged youths to question accepted dogmas in the Athenian Agora, resulting in his conviction and death by hemlock.
Argued that virtue is knowledge and evil is born of ignorance. His Socratic irony and elenchus (dialectical testing) revolutionized epistemic humility, demonstrating that recognizing ignorance is the first step of real wisdom.
"The unexamined life is not worth living."
思考苏格拉底‘自知无知’的谦卑态度。为什么在真理求索前，必须先清除内心对事物的盲信和自负？你在生活中是否也常反省那些你习以为常、人云亦云的固有观念呢？
Protagoras asserted "Man is the measure of all things", advocating moral relativism; Socrates sought eternal, absolute definitions of justice and virtue transcending transient human opinion.
Are justice and moral values subjective parameters defined by societal constructs, or are there universal moral truths that wait to be uncovered?
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